right forms of verbs
21
Passive idea বুঝালে সবসময় verb এর past participle form হয়।
Example:
1. The bridge (construct) last year
Ans: The bridge was constructed last year
Note: passive বুঝার সহজ উপায় হল এক্ষেত্রে subject নিজে কাজ করে না, অন্যের দ্বারা কাজটি সম্পাদিত হয়।
1. He has (hang) for murder
Ans: He has been hanged for murder
2. The exam (hold) yesterday
Ans: The exam was held yesterday
3. The machine has (repair)
Ans: The machine has been repaired
4. A lier (hate) by all
Ans: A lier is hated by all
5. English (speak) all over the world
Ans: English is spoken all over the world
6. The work should (do) tomorrow
Ans: The work should be done tomorrow
7. The work should (do) yesterday
Ans:The work should have been done yesterday
8. The room has (paint)
Ans: The room has been painted
22
Used to দ্বারা অতীতের অভ্যাস বুঝালে এরপর মূল verb বসে
Example:
1. He used to (doing) the work
Ans: He used to do the work
কিন্তু used to এর পূর্বে get অথবা am / is / are, was / were থাকলে verb এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
1. He is used to (smoke)
Ans: He is used to smoking
2. He got used to (tell) a lie
Ans: He got used to telling a lie
23
কোন simple sentence এ দুটি verb থাকলে দ্বিতীয় verb এর পূর্বে to বসে অথবা দ্বিতীয় verb এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়। উদ্দেশ্য বা কারন বুঝালে to কিন্তু কাজে রত বা কাজের ধরন বুঝালে ing যুক্ত হয়
Example:
1. We come here (learn) english
Ans: We come here to learn english
(আমরা এখানে আসি ইংরেজি শিখতে। তার মানে উদ্দেশ্য বুঝাচ্ছে)
2. I found the farmer (plough) the land
Ans: I found the farmer ploughing the land
(আমি কৃষকটিকে জমি চাষ করতে দেখলাম। উপরের বাক্যটি দ্বারা কাজে রত বুঝাচ্ছে.)
24
কোন simple sentence এ get, feel, এরপর আরেকটি verb থাকলে সেই verb এর past participle form বসে।
Example:
1. He got (involve) in politics
Ans: He got involved in politics
2. I will get (admit) in this medical college
Ans: I will get admitted in this medical college
2. He feels (insult) here
Ans: He feels insulted here
25
Having এরপর verb থাকলে verb এর past participle form হয়।
Example:
1. Having (hear) the news,he started weeping.
Ans : Having heard the news,he started weeping.
2. Having (eat) rice, i will go to school.
Ans: Having eaten rice, i will go to school.
26
Being এরপর verb থাকলে verb এর past participle form হয়।
Example:
1. Being (torture) by his master, he left his job
Ans: Being tortured by his master, he left his job
27
To এরপর verb থাকলে তা সাধারনত মূল verb হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয়। কিন্তু নিম্নলিখিত ক্ষেত্রে to এরপর verb থাকলে সেই verb এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।
Example:
Objection to + verb এর সঙ্গে ing
I have no objection to (walk)
Ans: I have no objection to walking
Look forward to + verb এর সঙ্গে ing
I am looking forward to (hear) from you
Ans: I am looking forward to hearing from you
Prior to + verb এর সঙ্গে ing
Prior to (leave) the country, the minister said so
Ans: Prior to leaving the country, the minister said so
With a view to + verb এর সঙ্গে ing
We come here with a view to (learn) English
Ans: We come here with a view to learning English
Addicted to + verb এর সঙ্গে ing
The man is addiction to (gamble)
Ans: The man is addiction to gambling
Accustomed to + verb এর সাথে ing
The poor are accustomed to (endure) sufferings
Ans: The poor are accustomed to enduring sufferings
28
Preposition (on,in,at ,off,with,without,before,after,about etc) এরপর কোন verb থাকলে সেই verb এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হবে
Example:
1. We went on (walk) until we found them
Ans: We went on walking until we found them
2. There is no harm in (do) the work
Ans: There is no harm in doing the work
3. I never thought of (go) there
Ans: I never thought of going there
4. Without (work) hard,you cannot succeed
Ans: Without working hard,you cannot succeed
5. I can not tell you anything before (go) there
Ans: I cannot tell you anything before going there
29
No sooner + had + subject + verb এর Past Participle - - - - - than + verb এর past form
Example:
1. No sooner had the students (see) the teacher than they stood up.
Ans: No sooner had the students seen the teacher than they stood up.
2. No sooner had the thief seen the police than he (flee) away
Ans: No sooner had the thief seen the police than he fled away
30
Scarcely had + subject + verb এর Past Participle - - - - - - - when + verb এর past form বসে।
Example:
1. Scarcely had we (reach) there when the train left
Ans: Scarcely had we reached there when the train left
কিন্তু Hardly had + subject + verb past participle - - - - - before + subject + verb এর past form বসে।
1. Hardly he (see) me before he ran away.
Ans: Hardly had he seen me before he ran away.